De Bello Gallico, Liber Primus 3

English and Chinese Commentary

· De Bello Gallico,English,华文,Latin,Translations

[3] His rebus adducti et auctoritate Orgetorigis permoti constituerunt ea quae ad proficiscendum pertinerent comparare, iumentorum et carrorum quam maximum numerum coemere, sementes quam maximas facere, ut in itinere copia frumenti suppeteret, cum proximis civitatibus pacem et amicitiam confirmare.

Eng: Upon being influenced by his reasoning and authority, they decided to prepare what was necessary for the journey, buying as many pack animals and wagons as possible, sowing the largest amount of seeds so that there would be sufficient supply of wheat during the journey, and to establish peace and friendship with the neighboring cities.

华文: 他们被这些事情所驱使,受奥尔盖托力所感动,决定准备出发所需的物资,尽可能地购买牲畜和车辆,大量种植庄稼,以确保在旅途中有足够的食物供应,并与周边城邦巩固和平友好关系。Commentary: The amount of preparation required is telling of the large amount of preparations war campaigns required even for a tribe like the Helvetii.

 

Ad eas res conficiendas biennium sibi satis esse duxerunt; in tertium annum profectionem lege confirmant. Ad eas res conficiendas Orgetorix deligitur. Is sibi legationem ad civitates suscipit. In eo itinere persuadet Castico, Catamantaloedis filio, Sequano, cuius pater regnum in Sequanis multos annos obtinuerat et a senatu populi Romani amicus appellatus erat, ut regnum in civitate sua occuparet, quod pater ante habuerit;

Eng: They considered that two years were sufficient for accomplishing those things; they confirm their departure by law on the third year. Orgetorix is chosen to accomplish those things. He takes on a diplomatic mission to the states. On that journey, he persuades Casticus, the son of Catamantaloedes, a Sequanian whose father had held the power in the Sequani for many years and had been named a friend by the Roman Senate, to seize the rule in his own state which his father had held before.

华文: 他们认为两年时间足够完成这些事情;在第三年,他们以法律形式确认了出发。奥尔盖托力被选为完成这些事情的使者。他接受了前往各个城邦的使命。在途中,他说服了塞康人卡斯提库斯,卡塔曼塔洛伊德之子,夺取他父亲多年统治的塞康城,而卡塔曼塔洛伊德之父曾被罗马人的参议院尊称为朋友;

Commentary: The political and strategic complexities of Gallic society and the events that led to the Roman conquest of Gaul are shown in the paragraph with the importance of familial relations and connections in society at that time period.

 

itemque Dumnorigi Haeduo, fratri Diviciaci, qui eo tempore principatum in civitate obtinebat ac maxime plebi acceptus erat, ut idem conaretur persuadet eique filiam suam in matrimonium dat. Perfacile factu esse illis probat conata perficere, propterea quod ipse suae civitatis imperium obtenturus esset:

Eng: And also he persuades Dumnorix, a Haeduan and brother of Diviciacus, who at that time held the chief authority in the state and was very acceptable to the common people, to attempt the same, and gives him his own daughter in marriage. He shows them that it would be very easy for them to accomplish their designs, because he himself would obtain the supreme power in his own state.

华文: 同时,他劝说埃杜安人杜姆诺里克斯迪维修斯的兄弟,他在当时掌握着城市的领导权,而且最受欢迎的是人民,让他也试图争取领导权并将自己的女儿嫁给他。他证明了这对他们来说非常容易实现,因为他自己将掌握他的城市的控制权。

Commentary: These details show the strategic thinking and political maneuvering that Orgetorix employs to ensure the success of his ambitious plan. The paragraph also sheds light on the political landscape and power dynamics of the tribes in Gaul at the time.

 

non esse dubium quin totius Galliae plurimum Helvetii possent; se suis copiis suoque exercitu illis regna conciliaturum confirmat. Hac oratione adducti inter se fidem et ius iurandum dant et regno occupato per tres potentissimos ac firmissimos populos totius Galliae sese potiri posse sperant.

 

Eng: There is no doubt that the Helvetians were the most powerful among all of Gaul; he confirmed that he would win them over to his kingdom with his own resources and army. Convinced by this speech, they give each other their faith and swear an oath, hoping that they can seize the kingdom, having occupied it through the three most powerful and strongest peoples of all Gaul.

华文: 毫无疑问,整个高卢地区的力量最大的应该是赫尔维蒂人。他们用自己的部队和军队向其他人士示好,表明他们有能力占领这些国家。经过这番演讲,他们互相结成了信任和宣誓的关系,并希望占领整个高卢地区中最强大的三个族群的王国,以此获得高卢地区的统治权。

Commentary: Caesar's description of the Helvetii as a dominant force in Gaul is supported by historical evidence. The Helvetii were known for their military prowess and were feared by neighboring tribes. However, Caesar's account of their intentions to conquer other kingdoms may have been exaggerated to justify his own military actions against them.

The passage also highlights the political climate of Gaul during Caesar's time. The various Gallic tribes were often in competition with each other for power and territory. The Helvetii were seeking to increase their influence by forming alliances and conquering other kingdoms. This type of political maneuvering was common in Gaul and was one of the factors that led to Caesar's eventual conquest of the region.